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School Bus Electric¤

School Bus Overview¤

The School Bus is engineered to transport 15 or more passengers, serving primarily in the conveyance of students to and from educational institutions.

School Bus Performance Metrics¤

  • Annual Distance (dannual): The school bus covers an annual distance of 24,000 km.
  • Average Occupancy Rate (nlpv): It boasts an average loading capacity accommodating 47 passengers per vehicle.
  • Utilization Window: The vehicle is utilized for 5.26 hours per day, translating to a 22% capacity utilization, according to the study by Duran and Walkowicz1.
  • Reference Capacity: The reference capacity, derived from these parameters, is calculated to be 585.31 passenger-kilometers per hour (pkm/h), utilizing the formula:
\[ ref_{size} = \dfrac{d_{annual} \cdot n_{lpv}}{8760 \cdot c_p} \]

Where cp represents the capacity utilization percentage. Where the denominator reflects the total hours in a year multiplied by the capacity utilization factor.

Battery Electrical Vehicle¤

A 100% electric vehicle is powered solely by electricity. This electricity is used to supply an inverter with direct current which, using the principle of electromagnetism, converts electricity into mechanical energy and moves the vehicle. As the vehicle is not connected to the electrical grid while on the move, it is necessary to ensure its power supply by other means. To do this, BEVs store electricity in an on-board rechargeable battery.

Among the battery types presented, lithium batteries are the ones found in electric vehicles currently on the market. Lithium batteries offer the ability to store more electricity (i.e., have greater energy density) in a smaller volume than traditional batteries, such as lead-acid and nickel-metal-hydride batteries. Lithium batteries are also lighter than conventional batteries.

ES Model Parameters¤

All the parameters concerning the School Bus Electric are listed in the table below.

entry_key value unit sets source_reference
ELECTRICITY_MV (layer) -0.024 kWh NA Agez, Maxime; Ménard, Jean-François; Saunier, François, (2022): "Analyse du Cycle de Vie de Filières Énergétiques et de Leur Utilisation pour le Transport Routier au Québec – Partie 2 : Utilisation"
MOB_PUBLIC_LOCAL (layer) 1 pkm NA Agez, Maxime; Ménard, Jean-François; Saunier, François, (2022): "Analyse du Cycle de Vie de Filières Énergétiques et de Leur Utilisation pour le Transport Routier au Québec – Partie 2 : Utilisation"
c_inv 686.82 CAD/(pkm/h) NA Agez, Maxime; Ménard, Jean-François; Saunier, François, (2022): "Analyse du Cycle de Vie de Filières Énergétiques et de Leur Utilisation pour le Transport Routier au Québec – Partie 2 : Utilisation"
c_maint 44.69 CAD/(pkm/h)/y NA Agez, Maxime; Ménard, Jean-François; Saunier, François, (2022): "Analyse du Cycle de Vie de Filières Énergétiques et de Leur Utilisation pour le Transport Routier au Québec – Partie 2 : Utilisation"
lifetime 15 y NA Agez, Maxime; Ménard, Jean-François; Saunier, François, (2022): "Analyse du Cycle de Vie de Filières Énergétiques et de Leur Utilisation pour le Transport Routier au Québec – Partie 2 : Utilisation"
ref_size 585.31 pkm/h NA Agez, Maxime; Ménard, Jean-François; Saunier, François, (2022): "Analyse du Cycle de Vie de Filières Énergétiques et de Leur Utilisation pour le Transport Routier au Québec – Partie 2 : Utilisation"

References¤

Data Sources
Agez, Maxime; Ménard, Jean-François; Saunier, François. (2022). "Analyse du Cycle de Vie de Filières Énergétiques et de Leur Utilisation pour le Transport Routier au Québec – Partie 2 : Utilisation"

  1. Adam Duran and Kevin Walkowicz, “A Statistical Characterization of School Bus Drive Cycles Collected via Onboard Logging Systems,” SAE International Journal of Commercial Vehicles 6, no. 2 (September 24, 2013): 400-406, https://doi.org/10.4271/2013-01-2400 ⧉. ↩