LCV Propane

Light Commercial Vehicle Class Overview

The Light Commercial Vehicle class encompasses four-wheeled, two-axle vehicles, primarily designed for goods transportation. These vehicles are notable for their adaptability to a range of cargo needs, demonstrating versatility in the light-duty commercial sector.

Light Commercial Vehicle Performance Metrics

• Operational Distance (d_annual): On an annual basis, these vehicles are capable of covering a distance of 38,600 km.
• Average Cargo Weight (n_lpv): They support an average cargo weight of 0.19 tonnes per vehicle, accommodating the transportation needs of various goods.
• Capacity Factor: A 10% capacity utilization factor is applied to account for frequent stops and loading times, which are characteristic of their operational environment.
• Reference Efficiency: This results in a reference efficiency of 8.37 tonne-kilometers per hour (tkm/h), underlining their essential role in fulfilling light-duty commercial transportation tasks.

The reference efficiency is calculated as follows:

\[ ref_{efficiency} = \dfrac{d_{annual} \cdot n_{lpv}}{8760 \cdot c_p} \]

Where c_p represents the capacity utilization percentage. This formula reflects the annual operational distance, the average cargo weight, and the capacity utilization factor, offering a clear perspective on the efficiency and utility of Light Commercial Vehicles in commercial transportation.

Propane

An internal combustion engine (ICE) is a type of heat engine where fuel combustion takes place inside a chamber. This causes an increase in temperature and pressure. This pressure is then applied directly to pistons, rotors or a nozzle, which converts the thermal energy of combustion into mechanical energy to move the vehicle. Propane-powered vehicles operate like gasoline-powered ones. There are two types of propane fuel injection system: vapor injection and liquid injection. In both cases, propane is stored as a liquid in a tank at relatively low pressure. Liquid injection technology enables more precise control of fuel delivery, improving engine performance and efficiency.

ES Model Integration

All the parameters concerning the LCV Propane are listed in the table below.

entry_key	value	unit	sets	source_reference
CO2_E (layer)	1.908	kg_CO2	NA	Agez, Maxime; Ménard, Jean-François; Saunier, François, (2022): "Analyse du Cycle de Vie de Filières Énergétiques et de Leur Utilisation pour le Transport Routier au Québec – Partie 2 : Utilisation"
MOB_FREIGHT_ROAD (layer)	1	tkm	NA	Agez, Maxime; Ménard, Jean-François; Saunier, François, (2022): "Analyse du Cycle de Vie de Filières Énergétiques et de Leur Utilisation pour le Transport Routier au Québec – Partie 2 : Utilisation"
PROPANE (layer)	-9.087	kWh	NA	Agez, Maxime; Ménard, Jean-François; Saunier, François, (2022): "Analyse du Cycle de Vie de Filières Énergétiques et de Leur Utilisation pour le Transport Routier au Québec – Partie 2 : Utilisation"
c_inv	8004.78	CAD/(tkm/h)	NA	Agez, Maxime; Ménard, Jean-François; Saunier, François, (2022): "Analyse du Cycle de Vie de Filières Énergétiques et de Leur Utilisation pour le Transport Routier au Québec – Partie 2 : Utilisation"
c_maint	556.78	CAD/(tkm/h)/y	NA	Agez, Maxime; Ménard, Jean-François; Saunier, François, (2022): "Analyse du Cycle de Vie de Filières Énergétiques et de Leur Utilisation pour le Transport Routier au Québec – Partie 2 : Utilisation"
lifetime	15	y	NA	Agez, Maxime; Ménard, Jean-François; Saunier, François, (2022): "Analyse du Cycle de Vie de Filières Énergétiques et de Leur Utilisation pour le Transport Routier au Québec – Partie 2 : Utilisation"
ref_size	8.37	tkm/h	NA	Agez, Maxime; Ménard, Jean-François; Saunier, François, (2022): "Analyse du Cycle de Vie de Filières Énergétiques et de Leur Utilisation pour le Transport Routier au Québec – Partie 2 : Utilisation"

References

Data Sources
Agez, Maxime; Ménard, Jean-François; Saunier, François. (2022). "Analyse du Cycle de Vie de Filières Énergétiques et de Leur Utilisation pour le Transport Routier au Québec – Partie 2 : Utilisation"