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School Bus Propane¤

School Bus Overview¤

The School Bus is engineered to transport 15 or more passengers, serving primarily in the conveyance of students to and from educational institutions.

School Bus Performance Metrics¤

  • Annual Distance (dannual): The school bus covers an annual distance of 24,000 km.
  • Average Occupancy Rate (nlpv): It boasts an average loading capacity accommodating 47 passengers per vehicle.
  • Utilization Window: The vehicle is utilized for 5.26 hours per day, translating to a 22% capacity utilization, according to the study by Duran and Walkowicz1.
  • Reference Capacity: The reference capacity, derived from these parameters, is calculated to be 585.31 passenger-kilometers per hour (pkm/h), utilizing the formula:
\[ ref_{size} = \dfrac{d_{annual} \cdot n_{lpv}}{8760 \cdot c_p} \]

Where cp represents the capacity utilization percentage. Where the denominator reflects the total hours in a year multiplied by the capacity utilization factor.

Propane¤

An internal combustion engine (ICE) is a type of heat engine where fuel combustion takes place inside a chamber. This causes an increase in temperature and pressure. This pressure is then applied directly to pistons, rotors or a nozzle, which converts the thermal energy of combustion into mechanical energy to move the vehicle. Propane-powered vehicles operate like gasoline-powered ones. There are two types of propane fuel injection system: vapor injection and liquid injection. In both cases, propane is stored as a liquid in a tank at relatively low pressure. Liquid injection technology enables more precise control of fuel delivery, improving engine performance and efficiency.

ES Model Parameters¤

All the parameters concerning the School Bus Propane are listed in the table below.

entry_key value unit sets source_reference
CO2_E (layer) 0.016 kg_CO2 NA Agez, Maxime; Ménard, Jean-François; Saunier, François, (2022): "Analyse du Cycle de Vie de Filières Énergétiques et de Leur Utilisation pour le Transport Routier au Québec – Partie 2 : Utilisation"
MOB_PUBLIC_LOCAL (layer) 1 pkm NA Agez, Maxime; Ménard, Jean-François; Saunier, François, (2022): "Analyse du Cycle de Vie de Filières Énergétiques et de Leur Utilisation pour le Transport Routier au Québec – Partie 2 : Utilisation"
PROPANE (layer) -0.075 kWh NA Agez, Maxime; Ménard, Jean-François; Saunier, François, (2022): "Analyse du Cycle de Vie de Filières Énergétiques et de Leur Utilisation pour le Transport Routier au Québec – Partie 2 : Utilisation"
c_inv 247.25 CAD/(pkm/h) NA Agez, Maxime; Ménard, Jean-François; Saunier, François, (2022): "Analyse du Cycle de Vie de Filières Énergétiques et de Leur Utilisation pour le Transport Routier au Québec – Partie 2 : Utilisation"
c_maint 48.91 CAD/(pkm/h)/y NA Agez, Maxime; Ménard, Jean-François; Saunier, François, (2022): "Analyse du Cycle de Vie de Filières Énergétiques et de Leur Utilisation pour le Transport Routier au Québec – Partie 2 : Utilisation"
lifetime 15 y NA Agez, Maxime; Ménard, Jean-François; Saunier, François, (2022): "Analyse du Cycle de Vie de Filières Énergétiques et de Leur Utilisation pour le Transport Routier au Québec – Partie 2 : Utilisation"
ref_size 585.31 pkm/h NA Agez, Maxime; Ménard, Jean-François; Saunier, François, (2022): "Analyse du Cycle de Vie de Filières Énergétiques et de Leur Utilisation pour le Transport Routier au Québec – Partie 2 : Utilisation"

References¤

Data Sources
Agez, Maxime; Ménard, Jean-François; Saunier, François. (2022). "Analyse du Cycle de Vie de Filières Énergétiques et de Leur Utilisation pour le Transport Routier au Québec – Partie 2 : Utilisation"

  1. Adam Duran and Kevin Walkowicz, “A Statistical Characterization of School Bus Drive Cycles Collected via Onboard Logging Systems,” SAE International Journal of Commercial Vehicles 6, no. 2 (September 24, 2013): 400-406, https://doi.org/10.4271/2013-01-2400 ⧉. ↩