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Car Propane¤

Car Definition¤

The Car category is defined as a vehicle featuring four wheels and two axles, with a primary function of transporting passengers within private transportation settings.

Car Performance and Usage Metrics1¤

The performance and usage metrics for cars are as follows:

  • Annual Distance (dannual): Cars on average cover a distance of 14,602 km per year.
  • Average Occupancy Rate (nlpv): The average occupancy rate for cars is determined to be 1.57 passengers per vehicle.
  • Utilization Factor: The utilization factor for cars is established at 5%, correlating to an average daily use of 1 hour and 15 minutes.
  • Reference Capacity: This leads to a reference capacity of 52.34 passenger-kilometers per hour (pkm/h), calculated using the formula:
\[ ref_{size} = \dfrac{d_{annual} \cdot n_{lpv}}{8760 \cdot c_p} \]

Where cp denotes the capacity utilization percentage.

Propane¤

An internal combustion engine (ICE) is a type of heat engine where fuel combustion takes place inside a chamber. This causes an increase in temperature and pressure. This pressure is then applied directly to pistons, rotors or a nozzle, which converts the thermal energy of combustion into mechanical energy to move the vehicle. Propane-powered vehicles operate like gasoline-powered ones. There are two types of propane fuel injection system: vapor injection and liquid injection. In both cases, propane is stored as a liquid in a tank at relatively low pressure. Liquid injection technology enables more precise control of fuel delivery, improving engine performance and efficiency.

ES Model Parameters¤

All the parameters concerning the Car Propane are listed in the table below.

entry_key value unit sets source_reference
CO2_E (layer) 0.115 kg_CO2 NA Agez, Maxime; Ménard, Jean-François; Saunier, François, (2022): "Analyse du Cycle de Vie de Filières Énergétiques et de Leur Utilisation pour le Transport Routier au Québec – Partie 2 : Utilisation"
MOB_PRIVATE (layer) 1 pkm NA Agez, Maxime; Ménard, Jean-François; Saunier, François, (2022): "Analyse du Cycle de Vie de Filières Énergétiques et de Leur Utilisation pour le Transport Routier au Québec – Partie 2 : Utilisation"
PROPANE (layer) -0.546 kWh NA Agez, Maxime; Ménard, Jean-François; Saunier, François, (2022): "Analyse du Cycle de Vie de Filières Énergétiques et de Leur Utilisation pour le Transport Routier au Québec – Partie 2 : Utilisation"
c_inv 691.25 CAD/(pkm/h) NA Agez, Maxime; Ménard, Jean-François; Saunier, François, (2022): "Analyse du Cycle de Vie de Filières Énergétiques et de Leur Utilisation pour le Transport Routier au Québec – Partie 2 : Utilisation"
c_maint 35.79 CAD/(pkm/h)/y NA Agez, Maxime; Ménard, Jean-François; Saunier, François, (2022): "Analyse du Cycle de Vie de Filières Énergétiques et de Leur Utilisation pour le Transport Routier au Québec – Partie 2 : Utilisation"
lifetime 15 y NA Agez, Maxime; Ménard, Jean-François; Saunier, François, (2022): "Analyse du Cycle de Vie de Filières Énergétiques et de Leur Utilisation pour le Transport Routier au Québec – Partie 2 : Utilisation"
ref_size 52.34 pkm/h NA Agez, Maxime; Ménard, Jean-François; Saunier, François, (2022): "Analyse du Cycle de Vie de Filières Énergétiques et de Leur Utilisation pour le Transport Routier au Québec – Partie 2 : Utilisation"

References¤

Data Sources
Agez, Maxime; Ménard, Jean-François; Saunier, François. (2022). "Analyse du Cycle de Vie de Filières Énergétiques et de Leur Utilisation pour le Transport Routier au Québec – Partie 2 : Utilisation"

  1. «Canadian Vehicle Survey — 2009 Summary Report» (Ottawa, Canada: Natural Resources Canada, 2009).